调整以前误差 会计分录:现在完成时考点与练习
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考点一:考查基本概念
例 Both his parents look sad .Maybe they______what's happened to him .
A.knew
简析:现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成
的影响,或过去发生的动作还未结束,一直持续到现在或将
来,重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大,往往无时
间状语,需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下
文分析、推理,正确答案是B。
考点二:考查时间状语
例1. He has
A.already
例2.
A.just
例3.The famous writer _____ one new book in the past
A.is writing B.was writing C.wroteD.has written
例4.—Our country
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A.has changed;well
C.has changed; better
例5.Zhao Lan ______already
two years .
A.was;studying
例6.We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
A.know B.had known C.have knownD. knew
例7.Harry Potter is a very nice film.I______it twice .
A.will seeB.have seenC.sawD.see
简析:现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类:
⑴现在完成时常与already(已经)just(刚刚,正好)
ever(曾经),never(从来,也不;从不)before(以前)
yet(仍然)等连用。故例1应选B;例2应选C。
⑵现在完成时常与recently(近来),so
前为止),in
语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时
间,句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。
故例3应选D,例4应选C。
⑶现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间
点”连用(含从句,从句过去时)。故例5应选C,例6应选C。
⑷现在完成时还与once(一次),twice(两次),
three
复次数的词语连用。故例7应选B。
考点三:考查与一般过去时的区别
例1.—These farmers have been to the United States .
A.will they go
C.do they go
例2.—______ you ___ your
—Yes . I _____
A.Did;do;finished
C.Have;done;have finished
简析:现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆,就是因为它们
所表示的动作都发生在过去,但二者又有区别:一般过去
时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的
动作,说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情,与现在没
有关系;现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动
作,它不与表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday,last week,
a moment
考点四:考查非延续性动词的用法
例1. His
A.joined B.has joined C. was in D.has been in
例2.—Do you know him well ?
—
A.were B.have been C.have becomeD. have made
例3.—How long have you
—About two months .
A.been B.gone
例4.Hurry up!The play __________ for
A.has begun
C.has been on
例5.His uncle died two years ago.(改变句子,句意不变)
His uncle has
例6.Her mother has been a Party member for three years .(同义句)
Her mother_______the
例7.It _____ten years since he left the army .
A.is B.has C.will
简析:现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的
表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。
常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下:
close—→be
get up—→be up,
marry—→be married(to),
fall asleep/ go to sleep —→be asleep ( sleep ) ,
get to know—→ know come/arrive—→be here/in ,
come/get back—→be back , go/leave-be away ,
buy—→have ,
die—→be dead ,
catch a cold—→ have a cold等,
故例1、2、3、4的正确答案依次为:D、B、A、C。例5应填
been
示,故例6应填joined;ago。再次,还可用“It is + 一
段时间+since从句”来表示,故例7应选A。
考点五:考查词组have/has
例1.Miss Green isn't in the office.she______to the
A.has goneB.went
例2.My parents ______Shandong for
A.have been in
C.have
简析:“have/has
(还未回来)",指主语所指的人不在这儿.“have/has
状语连用.“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地
(但现在已不在那儿)。”故例1、2的正确答案皆为A。
现在完成时专项练习
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.I___already____(see)the film.I___(see)it last week.
2.__ he ____(finish) his work today ? Not yet .
3.___you ___(be)to Hong Kong ?Yes,I ____(be)there twice .
4.__ you ever ____(eat )chocolate sundaes? No, never.
5.My father ____just ____(come) back from work.He
6.Where's Li Ming? He____(go)to the teacher's office.
7.Shanghai ___(be) a small town hundreds of years ago.
8.I ____ (work) here since I ____ (move) here in 1999.
9.So far I ____(make) quite a few friends here.
10.How long ___the Wangs ___(stay) here?For two weeks.
二、句型转换(每空一词)。
1.I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句)
2.He hasn't come to school because he's ill
____ _____ he come to school?
3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问)
____ ___ ____ ____ learned English ?
4.I bought a new bike just now.(用just改写)
5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We ____ ____English ____three years
三、 填入has / have been 或has / have gone.
1.Harry:I saw you in Annabel's Restaurant last night.
Diana:No,it wasn't me.I never there.
2. Sam:Sally and Tim are on holiday, aren't they?
Sue:To Florida, again.
Sam:How many times they there?
Sue:This is their third visit.
3. Alan:Where's Tony? Mary:He's got a headache so he
4. Steve:Can I speak to Jill, please?
Lynn:She's out,I'm afraid. She to the
Steve:Again? She already to the cinema
四、 用for 或since填空
1. Jill has been in Ireland Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland three days.
3. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office.She has been there
5. India has been an independent country 1974.
6. The bus is late.We've been waiting 20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses.They have been
8. Mike has been ill
五、
A.用 already或 yet
1) Have they taken down the old pictures ______?
2) Most of us have finished our compositions ________
3) He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition ________.
B.用 since或 for
1) We have learned five lessons _____he beginning
2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital ______last week.
3) I have stayed at my aunt’s _____two weeks.
C. 用have gone或 have been
1) Where are the boy students ?They _____to the school factory.
2) Is your father in?No, he ____to Shenzhen._______ he ever______there before?Yes, he ___there several times
3) He asked me if I ____to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _____never ______ to that city before.
六 选择填空
1.Mother ____me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well.
A. had made…have tried
C. has made…tried
2 “He ____to draw horses already”.When _____ he ?”
“ Last year “
A. learned…has
C. has learned…has
3.____you ____the text yet?Yes,we____it two hours ago.
A. Did…copy…did
C. Have…copied…did
4. “Why ______ she ______angry ?”“Because he _____
A. did…get…shouted
C. did…get…has shouted
5. ____you _____the film before?Where_____you ____it?
A. Have …seen…did…see B. Did …see…did…watch
C. Have…seen…have…seen D. Did …see…have…seen
6.You ____me waiting for two hours. I____for you since five.
A. kept…waited
C. kept…have waited
7.Where ______ John _______ ? To the library. He ______there for an hour.
A. has…been…has gone
C. did…go…went
8. I ______the way.I______here for quite many years.
A. knew…have lived
C. know…have lived
9. _____ you ever _____ America ? Yes, I have.
A. Have…gone to
C. Have…been to
10. My brother ____college for over three years.
A. has gone to
C. has been in