龟头 上长红色水泡:Tomcat启动脚本catalina.sh

1 - 概述

脚本catalina.sh用于启动和关闭tomcat服务器，是最关键的脚本
另外的脚本startup.sh和shutdown.sh都是使用不同的参数调用了该脚本
该脚本的使用方法如下（引自该脚本本身）：

2 - 脚本分析

#!/bin/sh# =============================================================# 该脚本设置正确的环境变量和系统信息，然后启动或者停止tomcat server# 具体的操作是：# 使用命令行参数作为args的实参，调用org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(String[])# ==============================================================# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Start/Stop Script for the CATALINA Server## Environment Variable Prequisites##    CATALINA_HOME    May point at your Catalina "build" directory.##    CATALINA_BASE    (Optional) Base directory for resolving dynamic portions#                    of a Catalina installation.   If not present, resolves to#                    the same directory that CATALINA_HOME points to.##    CATALINA_OPTS    (Optional) Java runtime options used when the "start",#                    "stop", or "run" command is executed.##    CATALINA_TMPDIR (Optional) Directory path location of temporary directory#                    the JVM should use (java.io.tmpdir).   Defaults to#                    $CATALINA_BASE/temp.##    JAVA_HOME        Must point at your Java Development Kit installation.##    JAVA_OPTS        (Optional) Java runtime options used when the "start",#                    "stop", or "run" command is executed.##    JPDA_TRANSPORT   (Optional) JPDA transport used when the "jpda start"#                    command is executed. The default is "dt_socket".##    JPDA_ADDRESS     (Optional) Java runtime options used when the "jpda start"#                    command is executed. The default is 8000.##    JSSE_HOME        (Optional) May point at your Java Secure Sockets Extension#                    (JSSE) installation, whose JAR files will be added to the#                    system class path used to start Tomcat.##    CATALINA_PID     (Optional) Path of the file which should contains the pid#                    of catalina startup java process, when start (fork) is used# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# OS specific support.   $var _must_ be set to either true or false.cygwin=falsecase "`uname`" inCYGWIN*) cygwin=true;;esac# PRG是被执行的脚本的名称，可以认为PRG=="catalina.sh"，也可能是某个符号链，指向该脚本。PRG="$0"# 处理了一下PRG，等循环跳出之后PRG成为 ????while [ -h "$PRG" ]; do   ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"`   link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> \(.*\)$'`   if expr "$link" : '.*/.*' > /dev/null; then     PRG="$link"   else     PRG=`dirname "$PRG"`/"$link"   fidone# PRGDIR是PRG的目录路径名称PRGDIR=`dirname "$PRG"`# 执行$CATALINA_HOME/BIN/setenv.sh来设置环境变量# [ -r filename ] 是判断是否文件存在且可读CATALINA_HOME=`cd "$PRGDIR/.." ; pwd`if [ -r "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setenv.sh ]; then   . "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setenv.shfi# For Cygwin, 确保所有的路径名都符合UNIX格式if $cygwin; then   [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] && JAVA_HOME=`cygpath --unix "$JAVA_HOME"`   [ -n "$CATALINA_HOME" ] && CATALINA_HOME=`cygpath --unix "$CATALINA_HOME"`   [ -n "$CATALINA_BASE" ] && CATALINA_BASE=`cygpath --unix "$CATALINA_BASE"`   [ -n "$CLASSPATH" ] && CLASSPATH=`cygpath --path --unix "$CLASSPATH"`   [ -n "$JSSE_HOME" ] && JSSE_HOME=`cygpath --path --unix "$JSSE_HOME"`fi# 设置用来初始化SystemClassLoader的CLASSPATH变量：通过执行脚本setclasspath.sh完成# 注意：脚本setclasspath.sh改变了原来的$CLASSPATH变量，而把它设为：# CLASSPATH=$CATALINA_HOME/bin/bootstrap.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar# 其中bootstrap.jar是package org.apache.catalina.startup的打包文件，# 含有启动方法org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(String[] args)# tools.jar含有javac编译器，用来把jsp文件编译成为servlet classif [ -r "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setclasspath.sh ]; then   BASEDIR="$CATALINA_HOME"   . "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setclasspath.shelse   echo "Cannot find $CATALINA_HOME/bin/setclasspath.sh"   echo "This file is needed to run this program"   exit 1fi# 在CLASSPATH环境变量后面补上一些JAR文件# [ -n string ] 判断字符串是否长度非0；[ -z string ] 判断字符串是否长度为0# 它们可以用来判断是否某个环境变量已经被设置if [ -n "$JSSE_HOME" ]; then   CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH":"$JSSE_HOME"/lib/jcert.jar:"$JSSE_HOME"/lib/jnet.jar:"$JSSE_HOME"/lib/jsse.jarfiCLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH":"$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/bootstrap.jar# 指定CATALINA_BASE变量# 如果CATALINA_BASE没有值，就让CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_HOMEif [ -z "$CATALINA_BASE" ] ; then   CATALINA_BASE="$CATALINA_HOME"fi# 指定CATALINA_TMPDIR变量# 如果CATALINA_TMPDIR没有值，就让CATALINA_TMPDIR=$CATALINA_BASE/tempif [ -z "$CATALINA_TMPDIR" ] ; then   # Define the java.io.tmpdir to use for Catalina   CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE"/tempfi# For Cygwin, 在执行java程序前把路径名转换成WINDOWS格式if $cygwin; then   JAVA_HOME=`cygpath --path --windows "$JAVA_HOME"`   CATALINA_HOME=`cygpath --path --windows "$CATALINA_HOME"`   CATALINA_BASE=`cygpath --path --windows "$CATALINA_BASE"`   CATALINA_TMPDIR=`cygpath --path --windows "$CATALINA_TMPDIR"`   CLASSPATH=`cygpath --path --windows "$CLASSPATH"`   JSSE_HOME=`cygpath --path --windows "$JSSE_HOME"`fi# 显示信息，然后执行命令echo "Using CATALINA_BASE:    $CATALINA_BASE"echo "Using CATALINA_HOME:    $CATALINA_HOME"echo "Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: $CATALINA_TMPDIR"echo "Using JAVA_HOME:        $JAVA_HOME"# ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是jpda的时候......if [ "$1" = "jpda" ] ; then   if [ -z "$JPDA_TRANSPORT" ]; then     JPDA_TRANSPORT="dt_socket"   fi   if [ -z "$JPDA_ADDRESS" ]; then     JPDA_ADDRESS="8000"   fi   if [ -z "$JPDA_OPTS" ]; then     JPDA_OPTS="-Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=$JPDA_TRANSPORT,address=$JPDA_ADDRESS,server=y,suspend=n"   fi   CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS $JPDA_OPTS"   shiftfi# ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是debug的时候......if [ "$1" = "debug" ] ; then   shift   if [ "$1" = "-security" ] ; then     echo "Using Security Manager"     shift     exec "$_RUNJDB" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS        -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH"        -sourcepath "$CATALINA_HOME"/../../jakarta-tomcat-4.0/catalina/src/share        -Djava.security.manager        -Djava.security.policy=="$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy        -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE"        -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME"        -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR"        org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start   else     exec "$_RUNJDB" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS        -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH"        -sourcepath "$CATALINA_HOME"/../../jakarta-tomcat-4.0/catalina/src/share        -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE"        -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME"        -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR"        org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start   fi# ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是embedded的时候......elif [ "$1" = "embedded" ] ; then   shift   echo "Embedded Classpath: $CLASSPATH"   exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS      -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH"      -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE"      -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME"      -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR"      org.apache.catalina.startup.Embedded "$@"# +----------------------------------------------------+# |   ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是run的时候......     |# |   在当前窗口中启动tomcat服务器！！！                 |# +----------------------------------------------------+elif [ "$1" = "run" ]; then   # 把参数run去掉   shift     # 如果参数是run -security，则启动Security Manager   if [ "$1" = "-security" ] ; then     echo "Using Security Manager"     shift     exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS        -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH"        -Djava.security.manager        -Djava.security.policy=="$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy        -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE"        -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME"        -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR"        org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start         # 如果参数是孤单的run，则在本窗口中启动tomcat服务器   # 在本窗口中启动的方法是使用exec，让当前进程fork一个新进程来启动tomcat，当前进程是tomcat的父进程   # 启动tomcat的类是org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main("start");   else     exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS        -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH"        -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE"        -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME"        -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR"        org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start   fi# +----------------------------------------------------+# |   ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是start的时候......   |# |   在新窗口中启动tomcat服务器！！！                   |# +----------------------------------------------------+elif [ "$1" = "start" ] ; then   # 把参数start去掉   shift     # 创建一个文件（如果文件不存在的话）$CATALINA_BASE/logs/catalina.out     touch "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs/catalina.out   # 如果参数是start -security，则启动Security Manager   if [ "$1" = "-security" ] ; then     echo "Using Security Manager"     shift     "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS        -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH"        -Djava.security.manager        -Djava.security.policy=="$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy        -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE"        -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME"        -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR"        org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start        >> "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs/catalina.out 2>&1 &       if [ ! -z "$CATALINA_PID" ]; then         echo $! > $CATALINA_PID       fi         # 如果参数是孤单的start，那么在新窗口中启动tomcat   else     "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS        -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH"        -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE"        -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME"        -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR"        org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start        >> "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs/catalina.out 2>&1 &       if [ ! -z "$CATALINA_PID" ]; then         echo $! > $CATALINA_PID       fi         fi# +----------------------------------------------------+# |   ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是stop的时候......    |# |   关闭tomcat服务器！！！                             |# +----------------------------------------------------+elif [ "$1" = "stop" ] ; then   # 把参数stop去掉   shift     # 关闭tomcat服务器的类是org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap->main("stop");   # 注意：java -D 是设置系统属性     exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS      -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH"      -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE"      -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME"      -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR"      org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" stop# +----------------------------------------------------+# |   ......当执行catalina.sh的参数不可辨认的时候...... |# |   打印帮助信息，由此查看各种参数代表的意义！！！     |# +----------------------------------------------------+else   echo "Usage: catalina.sh ( commands ... )"   echo "commands:"   echo "   debug              Start Catalina in a debugger"   echo "   debug -security    Debug Catalina with a security manager"   echo "   embedded           Start Catalina in embedded mode"   echo "   jpda start         Start Catalina under JPDA debugger"   echo "   run                Start Catalina in the current window"   echo "   run -security      Start in the current window with security manager"   echo "   start              Start Catalina in a separate window"   echo "   start -security    Start in a separate window with security manager"   echo "   stop               Stop Catalina"   exit 1fi

From: http://www.huihoo.org/apache/tomcat/heavyz/02-catalina.sh.html

   echo "Usage: catalina.sh ( commands ... )"   echo "commands:"   echo "   debug              Start Catalina in a debugger"   echo "   debug -security    Debug Catalina with a security manager"   echo "   embedded           Start Catalina in embedded mode"   echo "   jpda start         Start Catalina under JPDA debugger"   echo "   run                Start Catalina in the current window"   echo "   run -security      Start in the current window with security manager"   echo "   start              Start Catalina in a separate window"   echo "   start -security    Start in a separate window with security manager"   echo "   stop               Stop Catalina"